European Commission Approves ATRIPLA(R) (efavirenz 600 mg/emtricitabine 200 mg/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate 300 mg), the First Once-Daily Single Tablet Regimen for Virologically Suppressed Adults With HIV-1 Infection
The European Commission has granted marketing authorization for
ATRIPLA(R) (efavirenz 600 mg/emtricitabine 200 mg/tenofovir disoproxil
fumarate 300 mg), formally approving ATRIPLA for commercialization in
the 27 countries of the European Union, as well as in Norway and
Iceland.
"Historically, HIV treatment regimens have been a challenge for
many patients since they often combine multiple medications with
complex dosing schedules," said Brian Gazzard, MD, Clinical Research
Director, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London. "ATRIPLA combines
three clinically proven and well-established anti-HIV medicines in a
single once-daily pill and represents an important step forward in
dosing simplification."
ATRIPLA has been approved in the European Union for the treatment
of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection in adults with
virologic suppression to HIV-1 RNA levels less than 50 copies/ml on
their current combination antiretroviral therapy for more than three
months. Patients must not have experienced virological failure on any
prior antiretroviral therapy and must be known not to have harbored
virus strains with mutations conferring significant resistance to any
of the three components contained in ATRIPLA prior to initiation of
their first antiretroviral treatment regimen.
Efavirenz is marketed by Bristol-Myers Squibb Company (NYSE: BMY)
under the tradename SUSTIVA(R) in the United States, Canada and six
European countries (France, Republic of Ireland, Germany, Italy, Spain
and the United Kingdom). Efavirenz is commercialized by Merck & Co.,
Inc, through its affiliate Merck Sharp & Dohme (MSD) Limited under the
tradename STOCRIN(R) in all other countries within the European Union
and many countries outside of the United States. Emtricitabine and
tenofovir disoproxil fumarate are commercialized by Gilead Sciences,
Inc. (Nasdaq: GILD) under the tradenames Emtriva(R) and Viread(R),
respectively, and are commonly prescribed together as a once-daily,
fixed-dose tablet, marketed under the tradename Truvada(R) for use as
part of combination therapy.
The marketing authorisation application for ATRIPLA in the
European Union was filed by a three-way joint venture based in Ireland
called Bristol-Myers Squibb Gilead Sciences And Merck Sharp & Dohme
Limited.
ATRIPLA is currently the first and only once-daily single tablet
regimen approved for the treatment of HIV-1 infection in adults in the
United States for use either as stand-alone therapy or in combination
with other antiretroviral agents. ATRIPLA was approved by the U.S.
Food and Drug Administration in July 2006 and has since become the
most-prescribed treatment regimen for patients starting HIV therapy in
the United States.
As the commercial launch of ATRIPLA in the countries of the
European Union is not anticipated to begin until the early part of
2008, Gilead is not making any adjustments to the full year
2007 Product Revenue guidance provided on the third quarter 2007
earnings conference call on Oct. 18, 2007. Gilead is also not making
adjustments to any of the other elements of guidance, including its
updated Research & Development guidance of a range from $510
million to $520 million provided on Nov. 6, 2007, which includes
the up front licensing payment related to LG Life Sciences
collaboration for the caspase inhibitor.
Important Product Safety Information (including Boxed WARNINGS)
About ATRIPLA (efavirenz 600 mg/emtricitabine 200 mg/ tenofovir
disoproxil fumarate 300 mg), Emtriva (emtricitabine), Viread
(tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (DF)) and Truvada
(emtricitabine/tenofovir DF) in the United States
Lactic acidosis and severe hepatomegaly with steatosis, including
fatal cases, have been reported with the use of nucleoside analogues
alone or in combination with other antiretrovirals.
Emtriva, Viread, Truvada and ATRIPLA are not approved for the
treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and their
safety and efficacy have not been established in patients co-infected
with HBV and HIV. Severe acute exacerbations of hepatitis B have been
reported in patients who have discontinued Viread or Emtriva, which
are components of Truvada and ATRIPLA. In some of these patients
treated with Emtriva, the exacerbations of hepatitis B were associated
with liver decompensation and liver failure. Hepatic function should
be monitored closely with both clinical and laboratory follow-up for
at least several months in patients who are co-infected with HIV and
HBV and discontinue Truvada or ATRIPLA. If appropriate, initiation of
anti-hepatitis B treatment may be warranted.
It is important for patients to be aware that anti-HIV medicines
including Truvada, Viread, Emtriva, SUSTIVA and ATRIPLA do not cure
HIV infection or AIDS and do not reduce the risk of transmitting HIV
to others.
Additional Important Information About ATRIPLA in the United
States
ATRIPLA(R) (efavirenz 600 mg/emtricitabine 200 mg/tenofovir
disoproxil fumarate (DF) 300 mg) is indicated for use alone as a
complete regimen or in combination with other antiretroviral agents
for the treatment of HIV-1 infection in adults.
Coadministration of ATRIPLA with astemizole, bepridil, cisapride,
midazolam, pimozide, triazolam, ergot derivatives, or voriconazole is
contraindicated. Concomitant use of ATRIPLA with St. John´s wort
(Hypericum perforatum) or St. John´s wort-containing products is not
recommended.
Since ATRIPLA contains efavirenz, emtricitabine, and tenofovir DF,
ATRIPLA should not be coadministered with SUSTIVA(R) (efavirenz),
Emtriva, Viread, or Truvada(R) (emtricitabine/tenofovir DF). Due to
similarities between emtricitabine and lamivudine, ATRIPLA should not
be coadministered with drugs containing lamivudine, including
Combivir(R) (lamivudine/zidovudine), Epivir(R) or Epivir-HBV(R)
(lamivudine), Epzicom(TM) (abacavir sulfate/lamivudine), or
Trizivir(R) (abacavir sulfate/lamivudine/zidovudine).
Serious psychiatric adverse experiences, including severe
depression (2.4%), suicidal ideation (0.7%), nonfatal suicide attempts
(0.5%), aggressive behavior (0.4%), paranoid reactions (0.4%), and
manic reactions (0.2%), have been reported in patients receiving
efavirenz. In addition to efavirenz, factors identified in a clinical
study that were associated with an increase in psychiatric symptoms
included a history of injection drug use, psychiatric history, and use
of psychiatric medication. There have been occasional reports of
suicide, delusions, and psychosis-like behavior, but it could not be
determined if efavirenz was the cause. Patients with serious
psychiatric adverse experiences should be evaluated immediately to
determine whether the risks of continued therapy outweigh the
benefits.
Fifty-three percent of patients reported central nervous system
symptoms (including dizziness (28.1%), insomnia (16.3%), impaired
concentration (8.3%), somnolence (7.0%), abnormal dreams (6.2%), and
hallucinations (1.2%)) when taking efavirenz compared to 25% of
patients receiving control regimens. These symptoms usually begin
during Days 1-2 of therapy and generally resolve after the first 2-4
weeks of therapy; they were severe in 2.0% of patients, and 2.1% of
patients discontinued therapy. After 4 weeks of therapy, the
prevalence of nervous system symptoms of at least moderate severity
ranged from 5% to 9% in patients treated with regimens containing
efavirenz. Nervous system symptoms are not predictive of the less
frequent psychiatric symptoms.
It is recommended that creatinine clearance (CrCl) be calculated
in all patients prior to initiating therapy and as clinically
appropriate during therapy with ATRIPLA, and routine monitoring of
CrCl and serum phosphorous be performed for patients at risk of renal
impairment. ATRIPLA should not be given to patients with CrCl less
than 50 mL/min. Renal impairment, including cases of acute renal
failure and Fanconi syndrome (renal tubular injury with severe
hypophosphatemia), has been reported in association with the use of
tenofovir DF. ATRIPLA should be avoided with concurrent or recent use
of a nephrotoxic agent.
ATRIPLA may cause fetal harm when administered during the first
trimester to a pregnant woman. Women should not become pregnant or
breast-feed while taking ATRIPLA. Barrier contraception must always be
used in combination with other methods of contraception (eg, oral or
other hormonal contraceptives). If the patient becomes pregnant while
taking ATRIPLA, she should be apprised of the potential harm to the
fetus.
Mild-to-moderate rash is a common side effect of efavirenz. In
controlled clinical trials, 26% of patients treated with efavirenz
experienced new-onset skin rash compared with 17% of patients treated
in control groups. ATRIPLA(R) (efavirenz 600mg/emtricitabine 200
mg/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate 300 mg) should be discontinued in
patients developing severe rash associated with blistering,
desquamation, mucosal involvement, or fever. Skin discoloration,
associated with emtricitabine, may also occur.
Liver enzymes should be monitored in patients with known or
suspected hepatitis B or C and when ATRIPLA is administered with
ritonavir or other medications associated with liver toxicity.
Decreases in bone mineral density (BMD) have been seen with
tenofovir DF. Cases of osteomalacia (associated with proximal renal
tubulopathy) have been reported in association with the use of
tenofovir DF.
Use ATRIPLA with caution in patients with a history of seizures.
Convulsions have been observed in patients receiving efavirenz,
generally in the presence of known medical history of seizures.
Redistribution/accumulation of body fat has been observed in
patients receiving antiretroviral therapy.
Immune reconstitution syndrome has been reported in patients
treated with combination antiretroviral therapy, including the
components of ATRIPLA (efavirenz 600 mg/emtricitabine 200 mg/tenofovir
disoproxil fumarate (DF) 300 mg).
Saquinavir should not be used as the only protease inhibitor in
combination with ATRIPLA.
Coadministration of ATRIPLA and atazanavir is not recommended due
to concerns regarding decreased atazanavir concentrations. Atazanavir
and lopinavir/ritonavir have been shown to increase tenofovir
concentrations. Patients on atazanavir or lopinavir/ritonavir plus
ATRIPLA should be monitored for tenofovir-associated adverse events.
ATRIPLA should be discontinued in patients who develop
tenofovir-associated adverse events.
Coadministration of ATRIPLA with didanosine should be undertaken
with caution. Patients receiving this combination should be monitored
closely for didanosine-associated adverse events. See Full Prescribing
Information for complete list of drug-drug interactions.
In Study 934, the most frequently reported grades 2-4 adverse
events through 48 weeks in patients receiving efavirenz +
emtricitabine + tenofovir DF were dizziness (8%), nausea (8%),
diarrhea (7%), fatigue (7%), headache (5%), rash (5%), sinusitis (4%),
depression (4%), insomnia (4%), and abnormal dreams (4%).
The dose of ATRIPLA is one tablet (containing 600 mg of efavirenz,
200 mg of emtricitabine, and 300 mg of tenofovir DF) once daily taken
orally on an empty stomach. Dosing at bedtime may improve the
tolerability of nervous system symptoms. ATRIPLA is not recommended
for use in patients less than 18 years of age.
For complete U.S. prescribing information, including Boxed
WARNINGS, for ATRIPLA, visit www.atripla.com. For complete prescribing
information for SUSTIVA, visit www.bms.com. For complete U.S.
prescribing information for Truvada, Viread and Emtriva, including
Boxed WARNINGS, visit www.gilead.com.
About Bristol-Myers Squibb
Bristol-Myers Squibb is a global pharmaceutical and related
healthcare products company. Visit Bristol-Myers Squibb on the World
Wide Web at www.bms.com.
About Gilead Sciences
Gilead Sciences is a biopharmaceutical company that discovers,
develops and commercializes innovative therapeutics in areas of unmet
medical need. The company´s mission is to advance the care of patients
suffering from life-threatening diseases worldwide. Headquartered in
Foster City, California, Gilead has operations in North America,
Europe and Australia. Visit Gilead on the World Wide Web at
www.gilead.com.
Forward-Looking Statements
Bristol-Myers Squibb Forward-Looking Statement
This press release contains "forward-looking statements" as that
term is defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of
1995 regarding the marketing of ATRIPLA in Europe. Such
forward-looking statements are based on current expectations and
involve inherent risks and uncertainties, including factors that could
delay, divert or change any of them, and could cause actual outcomes
and results to differ materially from current expectations. No
forward-looking statement can be guaranteed. Among other risks, there
can be no guarantee that the timing of the launch of ATRIPLA will
occur in Europe as described in this release or that ATRIPLA will be
commercially successful in Europe. Forward-looking statements in this
press release should be evaluated together with the many risks and
uncertainties that affect Bristol-Myers Squibb´s business, including
those identified in Bristol-Myers Squibb´s Annual Report on Form 10-K
for the year ended December 31, 2006 and in our Quarterly Reports on
Form 10-Q, particularly under "Item 1A. Risk Factors". Bristol-Myers
Squibb undertakes no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking
statement, whether as a result of new information, future events or
otherwise.
Gilead Sciences Forward-Looking Statement
This press release includes forward-looking statements, within the
meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, that
are subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors, including the
risk that the market for ATRIPLA in Europe may not develop as
anticipated. In addition, the commercial launch of ATRIPLA in the
European Union may not occur in the currently anticipated timeframe.
Further, as ATRIPLA or its components are used over longer periods of
time by many patients taking numerous other medicines, many of whom
have underlying health problems, we may find new issues such as
safety, resistance or drug interaction issues, which may require us to
provide additional warnings or contraindications on the label or
narrow the approved indication, each of which could reduce the market
acceptance of ATRIPLA. These risks, uncertainties and other factors
could cause actual results to differ materially from those referred to
in the forward-looking statements. The reader is cautioned not to rely
on these forward-looking statements. These and other risks are
described in detail in Gilead´s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the
year ended December 31, 2006 and Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for
the first, second and third quarters of 2007, filed with the U.S.
Securities and Exchange Commission. All forward-looking statements are
based on information currently available to Gilead and Gilead assumes
no obligation to update any such forward-looking statements.
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Full U.S. prescribing information, including Boxed WARNINGS, for
ATRIPLA is available at www.atripla.com.
Full U.S. prescribing information for SUSTIVA is available at
www.bms.com.
Full U.S. prescribing information for Truvada, Viread and Emtriva,
including Boxed WARNINGS, are available at www.gilead.com.
EU Summary of Product Characteristics for Truvada, Viread, Emtriva,
SUSTIVA and STOCRIN are available at
http://www.emea.europa.eu/htms/human/epar/a.htm.
ATRIPLA is a registered trademark of Bristol-Myers Squibb & Gilead
Sciences, LLC.
SUSTIVA is a registered trademark of Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharma
Company.
STOCRIN is a registered trademark of Merck & Co., Inc.
Truvada, Viread and Emtriva are all registered trademarks of Gilead
Sciences, Inc.
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